Analytical Electrochemistry

Supporting the development of improved materials for electrochemical technologies through state-of-the-art analytical tools, accelerating innovation in low-carbon energy, sensing and related applications.

We develop and provide specialist measurement solutions for researchers and industry, helping to build understanding of the electrochemical interfaces that underpin a wide range of technologies. Our capabilities support applications spanning electrochemical hydrogen technologies, batteries (including redox flow), catalysis, CO₂ electrolysis, corrosion and electrochemical sensors. Delivering greater efficiency, affordability and sustainability in these applications requires electroactive materials with enhanced selectivity and durability, while reducing reliance on expensive or scarce components.

Electrochemical systems are intrinsically dynamic, so understanding their structure–activity relationships requires characterisation in realistic environments (“in situ”) and under relevant operating conditions (“operando”). We deliver holistic insight into electroactive materials behaviour through a complementary suite of bulk and local measurements of electrochemical activity, interfacial chemistry and structure, including:

• Unique capability for in situ and operando optical analysis, including infrared and Raman spectroscopy, to investigate electrochemically induced structural and chemical changes in electroactive materials during operation in real-time.
• Long-standing experience in scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and related electrochemical scanning probe techniques, to reveal spatial variations in electroactivity that are often hidden from macroscopic electrochemical measurements.

Highlights of our recent work include:

• Critical assessment and validation of methods for operando Raman spectroscopy of battery electrodes through a combination of theory and experiment
• Application of in situ infrared and Raman spectroscopy to studying electrochemical phenomena in emerging electrolytes for magnesium batteries
• Mechanistic studies into CO-tolerance of fuel cell catalysts and doping effects in catalysts for alkaline water electrolysis
• Development of a novel method for monitoring ionomer membrane chemistry under conditions of current flow using in situ infrared spectroscopy

Through close engagement with industry and academia, we undertake collaborative projects funded by various UK and European agencies. Recent and current projects include:

• Hybrid metrology for sustainable and low-carbon footprint battery materials [HyMetBat]
• Operando metrology for energy storage materials [OpMetBat]
• A4I and Royce ICP projects with UK SMEs in batteries and hydrogen sectors

We also offer bespoke commercial measurement and consultancy services, and our scientists are experienced at drawing upon our extensive knowledge and expertise to solve a wide range of challenges in electrochemistry. We work closely with our colleagues across NPL in surface chemical analysis and the measurement of dimensional, mechanical and microstructural properties, allowing us to address complex, multidisciplinary problems. Contact us to find out more about how we can support your work.

Find out more about NPL's Electrochemical characterisation, consultancy and modelling services