Is a calibration the same as a specification? (FAQ - Force)
No, definitely not.
A calibration is ...a set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system … and the corresponding values realised by standards. When an instrument has been calibrated you should expect to get a report detailing the practical work, the numerical results describing its performance and the measurement uncertainties associated with them. Also, if proper traceability it to be achieved, the calibration should be undertaken by a national measurement institute, such as NPL, or a formally third-party accredited calibration laboratory.
A specification - as quoted on a manufacturer's sheet - may have been derived from calibrations of similar products but almost certainly not the one you purchase. Such figures will represent the best achieved in a production series (and maybe even a little better!), and cannot be relied on for a specific device unless verified by calibration. It is also worth examining the small-print in a specification to identify any factors that were excluded from the analysis that will be relevant to in-service performance in your particular application.
A specification is not the same as a calibration, and is no substitute for one. Even if the performance of an instrument is initially within the manufacturer's specification it is unlikely to remain so for a lengthy period.
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