National Physical Laboratory

Poster Fair Ionising Radiation Resources

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Guides

 

The examination, testing and calibration of portable radiation protection instruments.
Author: Scott, C J, Woods, M J, Burgess, P H*
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 14 ,March 1999.
Abstract: The Ionising Radiation Regulations of 1999 state that all employers undertaking work with ionising radiation must monitor the levels of that radiation within the workplace. This Good Practice Guide describes the recommended procedures for the examination, testing and calibration of portable dose rate and surface contamination monitors that can be used to comply with those statutory obligations.

The examination, testing and calibration of installed radiation protection instruments.
Author: Pottinger, M*, Woods, M J, Keightley, L
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 29 ,December 2001.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: This Good Practice Guide has been written by the UK Ionising Radiation Metrology Forum in collaboration with the radiation user community. It describes recommended procedures for the examination, testing and calibration of installed radiation protection instruments. Test procedures recommended in this document are not legally binding: they are general methods based on current accepted good practice. The current statutory requirements for installed radiation protection instruments tests is stated in the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999. All employers who work with ionising radiation must ensure that levels are adequately monitored and instruments are suitable for this purpose. Although the test regimes presented here are for general applications, qualified persons responsible for the calibration of radiation protection instruments may modify them, with the agreement of the Radiation Protection Adviser, as necessary to suit their particular purpose, provided that the employer is satisfied that the overall quality of the testing is not compromised.

Practical radiation monitoring.
Author: Keightley, L, Burgess, P*, Delahunty, D*, Richards, T*, Simpson, J*, Woods, M
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 30 ,October 2002.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: This Good Practice Guide has been written by a working party of experts from the UK Ionising Radiation Metrology Forum. It describes procedures and methods for assessing radiation levels, outlines the thought processes needed to carry out the measurements and gives practical advice. The methods described are general and based on currently accepted good practice. We hope the document will standardise the approach to radiation monitoring. We feel the document is meant for everybody involved in radiation measurement, as a refresher for those who know, and as a guide for those who don’t, particularly new entrants to the field. The current statutory requirements for the designation, control and monitoring of areas are stated in the Ionising Radiation Regulations, 19991. In order to comply with the statutory requirements all employers who work with ionising radiation must ensure that radiation areas are adequately monitored by suitably qualified and experienced people, using instruments able to measure the type of radiation present. The procedures described in this Guide are for general application; different procedures may be used if appropriate but guidance on these must be obtained from a Radiation Protection Advisor.

Radiometric non-destructive assay.
Author: McClelland, P*, Lewis, V E
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 34 ,January 2003.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: This guide provides recommended procedures for the operation, testing and calibration of equipment used for radiometric non-destructive assay of fissile and radioactive materials in the nuclear industry. The various techniques and their limitations are described. Guidance is given on calibration of NDA systems and the treatment of uncertainties in NDA measurement. Recommendations are made for certification, performance demonstration and testing; competence and responsibility; documentation and control of modification.

The assessment of uncertainty in radiological calibration and testing
Author: Lewis, V E, Woods, M J, Burgess, P*, Green, S*, Simpson, J*, Wardle, J*
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 49 ,March 2003.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: A brief summary of the principles of the treatment and expression of uncertainty is given. The evaluation of uncertainty in several key areas of radiological measurement is illustrated by examples showing the application of those principles to photon dosimetry, neutron area survey monitoring and radioactive surface contamination monitoring.

The examination and testing of equipment for monitoring airborne radioactive particulate in the workplace.
Author: Woodman, A P, Pottinger, M*, Ryden, D*, Dean, J C J
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 82 ,October 2006.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: This Good Practice Guide has been written by the UK Airborne Radioactivity Monitoring Users’ Group in collaboration with the radiation user community. It describes recommended procedures for the examination, testing and calibration of air monitoring equipment. Test procedures recommended in this document are not legally binding; they are general methods based on current accepted good practice. The current statutory requirement for air monitoring equipment tests is stated in the Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999. All employers who work with ionising radiation must ensure that levels are adequately monitored and that instruments are suitable for this purpose. Although the testing regimes presented here are for general application, Qualified Persons responsible for the calibration of radiation protection instruments may, with the agreement of the Radiation Protection Adviser, modify them as necessary to suit their particular purpose, provided that the employer can demonstrate that the overall quality of the testing is not compromised.

A survey of user requirements for a UK radioactivity measurement infrastructure for nuclear decommissioning.
Author: Dean, J C J, Jerome, S M
Source: DQL-RN 009, June 2005
ISSN: 1744-0629
Abstract: The UK nuclear industry is in transition from operation to decommissioning. Many of the nuclear stations built in the latter half of the last century are now reaching the end of their useful lives, and the industry is having to deal with the many technical challenges of decommissioning and site remediation. One of these challenges is the need to measure very low levels of radioactive contamination bound to (or within) any of a wide range of physical matrices (e.g. building materials) for which compositional data is often not available. Some organisations within the nuclear industry had expressed concern over the lack of standards and Reference Materials in this area. Consequently, NPL is to establish a Measurement Infrastructure for Nuclear Decommissioning to address this problem and related needs. In order to define the priorities for the infrastructure, NPL has carried out a survey of users and stakeholders. A limited review of current guidance and training initiatives has also been carried out. The outcome of this project is summarised.

Guidelines for the calibration of dosimeters for use in radiation processing.
Author: Sharpe, P Miller, A*
Source: CIRM 29, September 2009
ISSN: 1369-6793
Abstract: A set of guidelines has been developed to assist in the calibration of dosimeters for use in industrial radiation processing plants. Topics covered include the calibration of equipment, the performance of calibration irradiations and the derivation of mathematical functions to represent the calibration. Guidance is also given on methods for the estimation of uncertainty.

Case Studies

  • Collaborative research on the distribution of charged particles during treatment will contribute to safer radiotherapy for cancer patients.
  • NPL helps the European Space Agency (ESA) achieve ISO accreditation for its cobalt-60 irradiation facility.
  • NPL has helped decommission the first nuclear power plant in the UK.
  • In collaboration with the Maastro Clinic, Maastricht, Netherlands, NPL is developing an imaging method that will help continue to ensure cancer patients receive the correct dose of radiotherapy.
  • NPL has recently expanded its radiochemistry capability by purchasing a NorthStar Automated Radiochemistry System (ARSIIe) to enable safer, quicker, in situ radioactivity measurements that are essential to ensure safety at nuclear sites.
  • NPL identified and reduced the risk in introducing a new and particularly effective cancer treatment which could not be calibrated in accordance with current UK codes of practice.
  • NPL scientists have developed a new instrument called Fidelis (Latin for 'faithful') which will ensure the safety of patients having nuclear medicine treatments.
  • NPL scientists have developed a measurement method that helps users to make physiotherapy ultrasound machines safer.

Good Practice Online Modules

An introduction to the concept and importance of measurement uncertainty