National Physical Laboratory

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Guides

 

A guide to measuring direct and alternating current and voltage below 1 MHz. 
Author:Kibble, B P, Williams, J M, Jones, R G, Cook, J*, Crisp, P*, Knight, B*, Pickering, J*, Skinner, D*
Source:2003, Institute of Measurement and Control / National Physical Laboratory
ISSN:
Abstract: No abstract available


A guide to measuring resistance and impedance below 1 MHz.
 
Author:Henderson, L C A, Williams, J
Source:IEE Colloq. Dig., 1999, 019, 1/1-2
ISSN:
Abstract: No abstract available


Calibration and use of EMC antennas
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Author: Alexander, M J
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 4 ,April 1997.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: The documentation addresses the calibration of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) antennas in the frequency range 30 Hz to 40GHz. Guidance is given on the assessment of uncertainties in their use for EMC radiated emission measurement.

The use of GTEM cells for EMC measurements.
Author: Nothofer, A, Alexander, M J, Bozec, D*, Marvin, A*, McCormack, L*
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 65 ,January 2003.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: This guide is aimed at users of GTEM cells. Its purpose is to help them achieve good practice in EMC emission and immunity tests with their GTEM cell. Reference is made to the IEC standard 61000-4-20 on the EMC uses of GTEM cells.

Good practice guide to phase noise measurement.
Author: Owen, D*
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 68 ,May 2004.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: Measurement of phase noise has become important in designing and developing systems for communications which pervade so much of our daily life. Without good, low phase noise oscillators in systems such as mobile telephone systems, the levels of interference experienced by users would become unacceptable. Improvements in these systems are often contingent upon improved oscillators and these improvements can only be quantified through good measurements of phase noise.

Calibration and use of antennas, focusing on EMC applications.
Author: Alexander, M J, Salter, M J, Gentle, D G, Knight, D A, Loader, B G, Holland, K P
Source: Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 73 ,December 2004.
ISSN: 1368-6550
Abstract: This document addresses the calibration of antennas in the frequency range 30 Hz to 40 GHz. Guidance is given on the assessment of uncertainties in their use for radiated emission measurements according to EMC standards. The National Physical Laboratory operates calibration services for the measurement of antennas factors of monopole, loop, dipole, biconical, log-periodic and horn antennas which are used for emission testing on open area test sites and in fully anechoic chambers. Most of the calibration methods and the advise given applies to the use of antennas in other applications.

Case Studies

  • NPL/NMS have helped the energy sector accurately measure power quality which is essential for smart grids integrating and managing power from renewable energy sources.
  • NPL and Imperial College London's work on the first solid state MASER to operate in air at room temperature is featured in 'Nature'.
  • The Centre for Carbon Measurement at NPL and UK Space Agency support the Quality Assurance Framework for Earth Observation.
  • NPL and partners develop a printed circuit board that can be easily separated by immersion in hot water.
  • NPL has been selected to conduct a study of Privacy and Proxy abuse on the internet.
  • Evidence of Global Positioning System (GPS) jammers in use in the UK has been presented at NPL.
  • NPL delivered training on antenna testing techniques to members of staff from ISSL (Integrated Surveillance Systems Limited).
  • NPL worked with Silixa to characterise the world's first truly distributed optical fibre acoustic sensor.
  • NPL scientists use a laser-driven technique to map sound fields around sources such as loudspeakers.
  • New technology from NPL identifies when fruit and vegetables are ready to pick.
  • History of the first caesium atomic clock.
  • Every schoolboy's dream was to own a pair of X-ray spectacles.
  • NPL will be providing the time for Europe's ambitious Galileo constellation of 30 global navigation satellites. Once completed, Galileo will provide a guaranteed global positioning service under civilian control, with accuracy to within a meter on the ground.
  • UK company reduces potential interference from a GPS device for use on Police vehicles operating the Police secure communications network.
  • A new technique proves successful in more accurately assessing the performance of an innovative product designed and manufactured in the UK
  • IndexSAR, a UK SME that specialises in RF monitoring equipment, has developed 'Touchsafe', an innovative hand-held instrument connected to a lap-top computer that enables on-site assessment of the potential RF absorption levels.
  • NPL-designed testing facilities are helping aerial manufacturers maintain high standards in aerial design, which in turn enables people up and down the country to receive a clearer digital television signal.
  • NPL is playing a prominent role in a Europe-wide effort that aims to advance optical clock and optical frequency comb technology, with a view to making it fit for use in space missions within 10 years.
  • NPL is currently working on improving the accuracy of measuring the power created by wind turbines in order to support the UK Government’s commitment to renewable energy sources.
  • NPL, along with collaborators, has helped to establish that femtosecond comb lasers can provide accurate measurement of absolute distance in formation flying space missions.
  • NPL has worked with wireless sensor network developers, Senceive, to help them understand their measurement challenges, and improve their products.

Good Practice Online Guides

An introduction to the concept and importance of measurement uncertainty